我尝试使用以下脚本与输入字段交互:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from time import sleep


username = "****"
password = "****"

url = "https://www.wikifolio.com/dynamic/de/de/login/login?ReturnUrl=/de/de/home&_=1632037782306"

driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'\Users\Benjamin\Downloads\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe')
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 20)

driver.get(url)

driver.find_element_by_name("Username").send_keys(username)
driver.find_element_by_name("Password").send_keys(password)

driver.find_element_by_css_selector("button").click()

driver.get("https://www.wikifolio.com/de/de/meine-wikifolios/trade/wf00wiking")

wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".c-disclaimer .js-disclaimer__abort, .c-disclaimer .js-disclaimer__change"))).click()


wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//a[@data-description='AKER CARB.CAPT.AS NK1']"))).click()

wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-select order-type-selector']")))
select1 = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-select order-type-selector']"))


select1.select_by_value('quote')


#to select purchase or sale action:
select2 = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-buysell order-buysell-selector']"))

# select by value "buy"
select2.select_by_value('buy')




buttonnew = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[3]/div[4]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div[3]/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/input")))

newaction = ActionChains(driver)
newaction.move_to_element(buttonnew).send_keys(int(22)).perform()

脚本执行正确，除非到了最后一部分:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from time import sleep


username = "****"
password = "****"

url = "https://www.wikifolio.com/dynamic/de/de/login/login?ReturnUrl=/de/de/home&_=1632037782306"

driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'\Users\Benjamin\Downloads\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe')
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 20)

driver.get(url)

driver.find_element_by_name("Username").send_keys(username)
driver.find_element_by_name("Password").send_keys(password)

driver.find_element_by_css_selector("button").click()

driver.get("https://www.wikifolio.com/de/de/meine-wikifolios/trade/wf00wiking")

wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".c-disclaimer .js-disclaimer__abort, .c-disclaimer .js-disclaimer__change"))).click()


wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//a[@data-description='AKER CARB.CAPT.AS NK1']"))).click()

wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-select order-type-selector']")))
select1 = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-select order-type-selector']"))


select1.select_by_value('quote')


#to select purchase or sale action:
select2 = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-buysell order-buysell-selector']"))

# select by value "buy"
select2.select_by_value('buy')




buttonnew = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[3]/div[4]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div[3]/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/input")))

newaction = ActionChains(driver)
newaction.move_to_element(buttonnew).send_keys(int(22)).perform()

此处停止执行。

我用浏览器检查了XPATH。它是独一无二的。我通过“检查”检查Chrome，然后按>CRTL+F<

这是一张截图，Chrome确实找到了定位器，而且看起来很独特：

这似乎表明XPATH是正确的，这不是“找到”正确的XPATH的问题，而是代码执行或错误编程的问题。

我还想知道，输入字段是否包装在阴影DOM或任何其他形式的隐藏结构中。

但如果是这样，为什么在前面的步骤中可以选择所有其他字段（就像从下拉列表中选择一样）？

为了让您正确检查，我将提供该面板的完整html（因为它是在该页面中打开的窗口）:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from time import sleep


username = "****"
password = "****"

url = "https://www.wikifolio.com/dynamic/de/de/login/login?ReturnUrl=/de/de/home&_=1632037782306"

driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'\Users\Benjamin\Downloads\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe')
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 20)

driver.get(url)

driver.find_element_by_name("Username").send_keys(username)
driver.find_element_by_name("Password").send_keys(password)

driver.find_element_by_css_selector("button").click()

driver.get("https://www.wikifolio.com/de/de/meine-wikifolios/trade/wf00wiking")

wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".c-disclaimer .js-disclaimer__abort, .c-disclaimer .js-disclaimer__change"))).click()


wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//a[@data-description='AKER CARB.CAPT.AS NK1']"))).click()

wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-select order-type-selector']")))
select1 = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-select order-type-selector']"))


select1.select_by_value('quote')


#to select purchase or sale action:
select2 = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-buysell order-buysell-selector']"))

# select by value "buy"
select2.select_by_value('buy')




buttonnew = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[3]/div[4]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div[3]/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/input")))

newaction = ActionChains(driver)
newaction.move_to_element(buttonnew).send_keys(int(22)).perform()

现在的问题是：在与输入字段交互之前，我是否需要调用父元素或祖先元素之一（例如div）？

我还想知道HTML中的这一部分是关于什么的:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from time import sleep


username = "****"
password = "****"

url = "https://www.wikifolio.com/dynamic/de/de/login/login?ReturnUrl=/de/de/home&_=1632037782306"

driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'\Users\Benjamin\Downloads\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe')
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 20)

driver.get(url)

driver.find_element_by_name("Username").send_keys(username)
driver.find_element_by_name("Password").send_keys(password)

driver.find_element_by_css_selector("button").click()

driver.get("https://www.wikifolio.com/de/de/meine-wikifolios/trade/wf00wiking")

wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".c-disclaimer .js-disclaimer__abort, .c-disclaimer .js-disclaimer__change"))).click()


wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//a[@data-description='AKER CARB.CAPT.AS NK1']"))).click()

wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-select order-type-selector']")))
select1 = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-select order-type-selector']"))


select1.select_by_value('quote')


#to select purchase or sale action:
select2 = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-buysell order-buysell-selector']"))

# select by value "buy"
select2.select_by_value('buy')




buttonnew = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[3]/div[4]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div[3]/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/input")))

newaction = ActionChains(driver)
newaction.move_to_element(buttonnew).send_keys(int(22)).perform()

它直接写在HTML中的“modal-dialog”div后面。

我还检查了StackOverflow中的多个威胁。所有的解决方案都导致了一个incorecct XPATH定位器。但是，为什么当我将这个字段直接插入浏览器时，XPATH会唯一地指向正确的输入字段，就像它在屏幕截图中一样？

有人能帮我解决这个问题吗？

多谢，我很感激， 本杰明

顺晟科技：

不，在与输入字段交互之前，不必寻址父元素或祖先元素之一（除非元素位于框架集的框架内）。请将“22”作为字符串而不是整数传递好吗？

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from time import sleep


username = "****"
password = "****"

url = "https://www.wikifolio.com/dynamic/de/de/login/login?ReturnUrl=/de/de/home&_=1632037782306"

driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'\Users\Benjamin\Downloads\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe')
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 20)

driver.get(url)

driver.find_element_by_name("Username").send_keys(username)
driver.find_element_by_name("Password").send_keys(password)

driver.find_element_by_css_selector("button").click()

driver.get("https://www.wikifolio.com/de/de/meine-wikifolios/trade/wf00wiking")

wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".c-disclaimer .js-disclaimer__abort, .c-disclaimer .js-disclaimer__change"))).click()


wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//a[@data-description='AKER CARB.CAPT.AS NK1']"))).click()

wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-select order-type-selector']")))
select1 = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-select order-type-selector']"))


select1.select_by_value('quote')


#to select purchase or sale action:
select2 = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-buysell order-buysell-selector']"))

# select by value "buy"
select2.select_by_value('buy')




buttonnew = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[3]/div[4]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div[3]/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/input")))

newaction = ActionChains(driver)
newaction.move_to_element(buttonnew).send_keys(int(22)).perform()

1. XPath本质上是脆弱的，请尝试使用相对XPath而不是绝对XPath。
2. 确保在需要时使用。
3. 您需要先清除输入字段，然后才能执行
4. 使用。
5. 以全屏模式启动浏览器。
6. 首选项是，最不可取的选择是XPath.

代码:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from time import sleep


username = "****"
password = "****"

url = "https://www.wikifolio.com/dynamic/de/de/login/login?ReturnUrl=/de/de/home&_=1632037782306"

driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'\Users\Benjamin\Downloads\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe')
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 20)

driver.get(url)

driver.find_element_by_name("Username").send_keys(username)
driver.find_element_by_name("Password").send_keys(password)

driver.find_element_by_css_selector("button").click()

driver.get("https://www.wikifolio.com/de/de/meine-wikifolios/trade/wf00wiking")

wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".c-disclaimer .js-disclaimer__abort, .c-disclaimer .js-disclaimer__change"))).click()


wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//a[@data-description='AKER CARB.CAPT.AS NK1']"))).click()

wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-select order-type-selector']")))
select1 = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-select order-type-selector']"))


select1.select_by_value('quote')


#to select purchase or sale action:
select2 = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='trading-modal-root' and(contains(@style,'block'))]//select[@class='js-order-type-buysell order-buysell-selector']"))

# select by value "buy"
select2.select_by_value('buy')




buttonnew = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[3]/div[4]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div[3]/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/input")))

newaction = ActionChains(driver)
newaction.move_to_element(buttonnew).send_keys(int(22)).perform()